{"id":26883,"title":"Nikolai Ostrovsky, \"How the Steel was Tempered\"","dimensions":"17.5 x 13 x 2.5 cm","date_begin":"1935-01-01","material":"","art_status_id":220,"legal_status_id":47,"category_id":26,"platform_id":1,"deleted":false,"asset_count":1,"stream_count":0,"collection":"Collection MHKA, Antwerp","cached_tag_list":"Monoculture Soviet artefacts Socialistisch realisme","publishing_process_id":1,"annotation":"\u003cp\u003eНиколай Островский, Как закалялась сталь\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eNikolai Ostrovsky, \u003cem\u003eHow the Steel was Tempered\u003c/em\u003e, 1935 (First edition)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003ePublished by Molodaya Gvardiya\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","date_end":null,"reference":"","stream_count_app":19,"permalink":"nikolai-ostrovsky-how-the-steel-was-tempered","description_ca":"","short_description_ca":"","description_it":"","short_description_it":"","cached_primary_asset_url":"http://s3.amazonaws.com/mhka_ensembles_production/assets/public/000/061/042/medium_500/Image00023.jpg?1598518119","cached_actor_names":"","hide_from_json":false,"prev_platform_id":null,"description_uk":"","short_description_uk":"","description_tr":null,"short_description_tr":null,"mhka_works":true,"category":{"en":"Book","nl":"Boek","fr":"Livre"},"poster_image":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/mhka_ensembles_production/assets/public/000/061/042/large/Image00023.jpg?1598518119","poster_credits":"scan: (c) M HKA, Published by Molodaya Gvardiya","translations":[{"locale":"en","short_description":"","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHow the Steel Was Tempered\u003c/em\u003e, or \u003cem\u003eThe Making of a Hero\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eis a Socialist Realist novel written by Nikolai Ostrovsky (1904\u0026ndash;1936). The central character of the novel, Pavel Korchagin, represents the quintessential hero of Socialist Realism as the defender of the Soviet state in the fight against interventionists during the Russian Civil War (1917-1922). The novel was published at a turning point of ideological consolidation in the USSR, and as a consequence, the text of the novel underwent significant changes and was repeatedly re-edited to fulfil Socialist Realist requirements. Thus, those parts of the initial manuscript that included any ambiguous aspects of Soviet politics, discussions with Trotskyists, or descriptions of the complex personal emotional experiences and suffering of the protagonist (which were in fact partly autobiographical) disappeared in later editions of the novel.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n"},{"locale":"nl","short_description":"","description":"\u003cp\u003eDe offici\u0026euml;le Nederlandse vertaling van de socialistisch-realistische roman\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eКак\u0026nbsp;закалялась\u0026nbsp;сталь\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003evan Nikolai\u0026nbsp;Ostrovsky\u0026nbsp;(1904-1936) is\u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003eHoe het staal gehard werd\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(Pagasus, 1955), hoewel dat letterlijk zou luiden: \u0026lsquo;Hoe het staal werd getemperd\u0026rsquo;. De protagonist van de roman, Pavel\u0026nbsp;Korchagin, staat voor de ultieme held van het socialistisch realisme, die tijdens de Russische burgeroorlog (1917-1922) de Sovjetstaat verdedigt in de strijd tegen de zogenaamde interventionisten. De roman werd gepubliceerd op een keerpunt van ideologische consolidatie in de USSR: hij werd aanzienlijk aangepast en herhaaldelijk opnieuw bewerkt om te voldoen aan de socialistisch-realistische eisen. Zo verdwenen in latere edities van de roman die passages uit het oorspronkelijke manuscript die dubbelzinnige aspecten van de Sovjetpolitiek beschreven, discussies met trotskisten en (gedeeltelijk autobiografische) beschrijvingen van de complexe persoonlijke emotionele ervaringen van de hoofdpersoon, en van zijn lijden.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n"},{"locale":"fr","short_description":"","description":""},{"locale":"ru","short_description":"","description":""},{"locale":"de","short_description":"","description":""},{"locale":"es","short_description":"","description":""},{"locale":"el","short_description":"","description":""}],"actors":[]}